Korupsi dan Budaya Malu: Kontribusi Budaya Malu bagi Pengembangan Teologi Malu dalam Upaya Pemberantasan Korupsi di Indonesia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21460/gema.2023.82.984Keywords:
korupsi, rasa bersalah, budaya malu, Batak Toba, Nias, corruption, guilt, shame culture, Toba BatakAbstract
Abstract
Corruption is a classical problem that continues to this day. This problem occurs in almost all aspects of human life, occurs anywhere, and Indonesia is no exception. Various efforts have been made to eradicate corruption, including by involving religious institutions believed in providing the theological basis for efforts to eradicate corruption in question. In the Indonesian context, the state’s efforts to overcome corruption are still based on a legal approach. However, handling corruption only through legal approaches is less effective and has not created a deterrent effect for the perpetrators. The legal approach focuses more on legal wrongdoing or corrupt acts, so the perpetrators try to commit corruption secretly. In other words, efforts to eradicate corruption which only emphasize the wrong dimension, have not yet reached the point of integrity or the character of the perpetrators of corruption. Using the synthesis approach of Bevan’s Contextual Theology, we argue that issues of integrity or character can be built in and through a culture of shame.
Abstrak
Korupsi dapat dikatakan sebagai suatu persoalan klasik yang terus terjadi sampai hari ini. Persoalan ini terjadi hampir dalam semua aspek kehidupan umat manusia, terjadi di mana saja, tidak terkecuali Indonesia. Berbagai upaya telah dilakukan dalam pemberantasan korupsi ini, termasuk dengan melibatkan lembaga keagamaan yang dipercaya dapat memberikan landasan teologis bagi upaya pemberantasan korupsi dimaksud. Dalam konteks Indonesia, upaya negara untuk mengatasi korupsi masih didasarkan pada pendekatan hukum. Namun demikian, penanganan korupsi hanya melalui pendekatan hukum kurang efektif, dan belum menimbulkan efek jera bagi para pelakunya. Pendekatan hukum memang lebih berfokus pada perihal salah secara hukum perbuatan koruptif, sehingga para pelakunya berupaya untuk melakukan korupsi secara tersembunyi. Dengan kata lain, upaya pemberantasan korupsi yang hanya menekankan dimensi salah belum sampai pada pokok integritas atau karakter dari pelaku korupsi. Dengan menerapkan pendekatan sintesis Teologi Kontekstual Bevans dalam budaya Batak dan Nias, kami berpendapat bahwa persoalan integritas atau karakter dapat dibangun dalam dan melalui budaya malu.
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