Peran Wunang dan Pendeta dalam Tradisi Belis di Sumba Timur
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21460/gema.2026.111.1546Keywords:
Belis, Wunang, Pendeta, Relasi Dialektika, dialogical relationship, Marapu, SumbaAbstract
Abstract
This study explores the roles of the wunang and the priest in the Belis wedding ceremony tradition in East Sumba. For the Sumbanese, Belis is an essential cultural institution that strengthens family bonds. The wunang functions as a mediator between families in reaching agreements, while the priest represents the Church, offering prayers and blessing the marriage. Using cultural anthropology and contextual theology, this research examines how both figures interact in sustaining the Belis tradition within contemporary society. The findings indicate a dialogical bridge between Marapu beliefs and Christian theology. Their collaboration reflects a symbiotic relationship that not only legitimizes marriage but also preserves local cultural values. The study recommends redefining and strengthening the roles of both the wunang and the priest to ensure that Belis remains a vital part of Sumba’s cultural heritage.
Abstrak
Belis bagi masyarakat Sumba merupakan bagian penting dalam sistem sosial masyarakat adat ketika akan membuat ikatan keluarga. Proses Belis harus melibatkan seorang wunang sebagai perantara antara kedua keluarga saat membuat perjanjian dan kesepatan, sementara gereja melalui kehadiran pendeta menjadi pembawa doa dan mengesahkan perkawinan yang diberkati secara gerejawi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran wunang dan pendeta dalam prosesi perkawinan adat Belis. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan antropologi budaya, dan teologi kontekstual untuk mengungkap dinamika relasi antara wunang dan pendeta dalam mendukung keberlangsungan tradisi Belis sebagai sistem sosial masyarakat Sumba. Metode yang
digunakan yakni Focus Group Discussion (FGD) dan interview mendalam. Pada akhir penelitian didapati bahwa antara wunang dan pendeta terjadi simbiose peran sosial, demikian juga sebagai jembatan dialogis antara tradisi Marapu dengan pandangan teologis gereja. Rekomendasi akhir penelitian berupa re-disposisi peran wunang dan pendeta yang dapat dipertimbangkan oleh gereja, wunang dan pihak terkait Belis, terutama dalam mempertahankan warisan budaya lokal Sumba tetap berkelanjutan.
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